Tuesday, December 1, 2009

The way adolescent girls perceive ads, entertainers, and characters has been given a notion of thought not only by the girls, but by parents, scholars, as well as the advertising and entertainment industry itself. The industry is an important player here due to their single minded focus on the bottom line and the way society and, as Carl Jung puts it, the collective unconscious are used as a tool to shape the messages and thusly the desires of adolescent girls. My main concern is that of entertainers. More specifically I am concerned with women entertainers who reflect messages back onto girls via their appearance, actions, and creative output.


What can be said for the majority of entertainers, and I will get more specific in a moment, is that they are not only chosen for their talent, but their image. We find that more and more women identified entertainers are thin. While there may not be anything inherently wrong with them being health conscious and exercise driven, these images of thinness reflect back on the audience. Jean Kilbourne explains that girls receive messages from advertisers, and in this case industry workers playing on the collective unconscious, to be beautiful and thin in order to be desired. This causes issues with the consuming audience who take these images of thinness, which have been thrown at them over and over again, and translate them into a body image that is supposed to be reflective of these pop idols (260). The larger issue is not only thinness, but the way society shapes women's bodies to be commodities and assets that are to be desired. Girls are gauged socially not by their intellect, but rather by the over all appearance. Kilborne suggests that advertisers promote not mental prowess, but that “ their 'essence' is their underwear.” I translate this notion in two ways: 1) That women are defined by their reproductive organs and thusly media expouse a essentialized idea about what it is to be feminine; or 2) that commodification of sex appeal is directly related to the objectification of the female form. Let me explain. The female form has been made to seem like there is something absolutely necessary in order to be feminine and that this femininity is the biggest selling point young women have. The second idea suggests that making sex appeal a commodity is associated with how women are seen to be objects to be possessed rather than people (Kilborne 260).




Lets bring this back into perspective. Entertainers are then feeding into the system of objectification and essentialism. This essentialism is then reflecting onto the adolescent girl audience and shaping their ideas about self via messages that are designed to sell ideas in order to meet the bottom line demands for commodities such as cosmetics and things that are defined to be “feminine”. As you can see from the video, the messages sent by popstar and hierress Paris Hilton are not lost on adolescent girls ("Paris Hilton #1 Fan vLog") . For Paris you don't have to be intelligent to be successful, just have a rich daddy and a desire to be in the media.


So what are the result of these messages? As introduced earlier thinness is one theme that is thrown at society again and again. It is because of this desire for thinness that girls are turning to dieting at younger and younger ages. In 1993 “one-third of of twelve- to thirteen-year-old girls are actively trying to lose weight, by dieting, vomiting, using laxatives, or taking diet pills.” (262) Girls are encouraged, as Kilborne puts it, to diminish ones self by staying thin and small. Being passive and small is a way to control the power of women. By reinforcing the idea that one is limited by their objective status power is rarely attainable in a meaningful way. This is quite ironic due to societies pressure for women to be successful and to attain empowerment. Kilborne calls this a double bind because of the need to fill societies expectations of femininity but to be accomplished and sophisticated. In actuality this is a trap that has been laid by marketers, with ads emphasizing thinness, with the facade of allowing women to have liberty to choose options that said to be more nutritious or better for our bodies (263).

Monday, November 30, 2009

Women In Politics

Women In Politics

Just in the last few years, the role of women in the political arena has changed dramatically. Current Secretary of State and former First Lady, Senator from New York, and 2008 Democratic Presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton made 18 million cracks in the proverbial glass ceiling that has prevented women for millennia from achieving their full potential with the 18 million votes she received in the Democratic primary. First Lady Michelle Obama, while not technically a politician, played a significant role in her husband's, President Barack Obama's, campaign, and is poised to play as significant a role as former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton in the White House. Former Alaska Governor and 2008 Vice-Presidential nominee Sarah Palin, while controversial and the target of much criticism, both fair and unfair, has endured and remains a force to be reckoned with within both the Republican Party and Conservative movement. How does the media portray these women - positively or negatively? How does the media's portrayal of these women form and inform adolescent girls? Subsequently, does the media form and inform us or do we form and inform media?


The Female Force comic book series chronicles the lives of prominent women in positions of power - particularly political power. The women highlighted in the series are not presented as superheroes per se, but their lives are extraordinary and each issue reflects that. Works such as these make the life stories of powerful women accessible to young girls (and boys) and are an example of positive media influence.

Hillary Clinton

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton is arguably the most powerful woman in American history - a history she has helped shape. Upon conceding to now-President Barack Obama, Clinton said, "Although we weren't able to shatter that highest, hardest glass ceiling this time, thanks to you, it's got about 18 million cracks in it. And the light is shining through like never before, filling us all with the hope and the sure knowledge that the path will be a little easier next time" (Milbank 1).


Michelle Obama
First Lady Michelle Obama grew up on the South Side of Chicago. From a working-class family, Michelle managed to graduate from Princeton University and Harvard Law School, and moved on to land a position in a top Chicago law firm in which she was the now-President's superior (!) ("Wikipedia"). Her story is the quintessential American story, but not one possible for many young American women, quite frankly. Nonetheless, she has inspired millions of young and adolescent girls - especially girls of color - and given them the hope that her husband has given so many others.


Walt Disney's "The Princess and the Frog" for the first time in animated film history puts a woman of color in a tiara. Is this progress? That's up for debate. Her race, however, is presented as more of an afterthought, which is progress. Vince Mitchell of the London Times accuses the film of capitalizing on the Obama era. The Village Voice gives a scathing review, noting "Six decades after unleashing persistent NAACP bugaboo Song of the South (1946), and two after firmly suppressing it, that peculiar cultural institution known as the Walt Disney Company has made a symbolic reparation by creating its first African-American princess—and plunking her down in the middle of Jim Crow–era Louisiana! A patronizing fantasia of plantation life in post–Civil War Georgia, Song could at least be understood—if hardly excused—as a product of its time (18 years before the passage of the Civil Rights Act). But is Disney's latest, The Princess and the Frog, the Obama-era fairy tale that anyone other than the "birther" crowd has been waiting for?" (Foundas). Nevertheless, it is a positive portrayal of a young woman in a position of power whose character draws obvious inspiration from the Obama family and the Obama women in particular, if only for her race.

Sarah Palin
Former Alaska Governor and 2008 Republican Vice-Presidential nominee Sarah Palin was launched from relative obscurity to the national stage when Senator John McCain chose her as his running mate. She has been heavily scrutinized, at times unfairly, but remains a heavy-hitter in the Conservative movement today. The unfair criticism of Palin tends to be rooted in sexism. As Michel Martin of NPR said "...they're (Democrats) doing what a lot of men can't seem to help doing with women — a lot of throat clearing, offering compliments about her appearance and then acting like she isn't even there. So here's Democratic Vice Presidential nominee Joe Biden joking that one difference between the two of them is not his three decades of experience at the center of the country's most complex issues, but that she's better looking than he is. And here's Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, not saying that her politics are extremist or that her worldview and experiences are too limited to do the job for which she has been tasked, but that she's 'shrill.'" And even prominent figures on her own side, like Glenn Beck, voice that she belongs "in the kitchen."

When the media judges her makeup and not her qualifications, her outfits and not her experience, her hair and not her worldview, when they frame motherhood as mutually exclusive from a career - in politics or otherwise - they do a disservice not just to Sarah Palin, not just to women, but also to adolescent girls who aspire to be more than just a pretty face.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/style/

Tuesday, November 24, 2009

Women In Sports

Women in sports are looked to for inspiration for young adolescent girls. They show that they can make it just as much the the world of sports as any man can. However, what does the media actually show of these athletes? Are they strong women? Women with goals in life? Or just cute little women that try so hard to play a "man's" sport?

Mia Hamm


Mia Hamm was the youngest women to play for the USA Women's National League at the age of 15. She is a role model to young adolescent girls. The media portrays her as a strong woman with high ambition.




Danica Patrick

Danica Patrick is a professional race car driver. She is a historic female first to win IndyCar at the Indy Japan 300. However, despite her accomplishments, it seems to be her looks that made her famous and not her talent. She is continually portrayed in the media as the sex symbol of the racing industry.


Serena Williams

Serena Williams is an American professional woman tennis athlete. Her and her sister are two of the top tennis players in the world. Despite her popularity and influence, her outburst towards a line-official at the latest U.S. Open has made people question her positive influence on young athletes.

One question I would like to address is what about male athletes doing the same act Serena had done? There are plenty of male athletes who had displayed the same amount of anger towards officials, yet they do not get criticized in the media as harshly as women.

Works Cited

"Mia Hamm." Sports Illustrated for Women. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"Michelle Obama." SomaliPress.com. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"Paris Hilton." Famous Female Celebrities. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Radical Women. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"Rosie The Riveter." Women of Leather Florida. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Women In Entertainment:

Kilborne, Jean. “'The More You Subtract, The More You ADD':Cutting Girls Down to Size” Gender, Race, And Class In Media: A Text Reader. 3rd Ed. Ed. Gail Dines and Jean M. Humez. London: Sage Publications, 2003.

lovealoser."Paris Hilton #1 Fan vLog." YouTube. Web. 25 Nov 2009. .

Women In Politics:

"Female Force." Earth's Mightiest Fansites. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Foundas, Scott. "Disney's Princess and the Frog Can't Escape the Ghetto." The Village Voice Movies. 24 Nov 2009. Village Voice LLC, Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"Hillary." Dog Art Today: Modern Dog Art and More. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Krakauer, Steve. "Glenn Beck Jokes About Sarah Palin Belonging “In The Kitchen”." Mediaite. 27 Nov 2009. Mediaite, LLC, Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Martin, Michel. "Palin, Sexism and Women in Politics." npr. 16 Sep 2008. NPR, Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"Michelle Obama." Wikipedia. 25 Nov. 2009. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Milbank, Dana. "A Thank-You for 18 Million Cracks in the Glass Ceiling." Washington Post 8 June 2008: 1. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Monkey See. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Newsweek. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

"The Princess And The Frog Trailer HD." YouTube.com. Web. 30 Nov 2009.

Women In Sports:

"1998 Women's World Cup Soccer Barbie Doll Commercial With Mia Hamm." YouTube.com. YouTube, 15 Feb 2009. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

"Danica Patrick: A Racy Kids' Role Model to Champion?" Shaping Youth. Web. 24 Nov 2009

"Danica Patrick: Do Something Teen Choice Red Carpet." YouTube.com. YouTube, 15 Aug 2008. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.

"Even In Retirement, Mia Hamm Still Inspires." ESPN. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

"Getting Urban Girls into the Game: Dance First?" Women Talk Sports. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

"Mia Hamm - Gatorade "Thank You" commercial." YouTube.com. YouTube, 05 Mar 2007. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.

"Mia Hamm." Women's World Soccer. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

"Serena Williams chosen one of Glamour magazine’s Women of the Year." Women Talk Sports. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

"Serena Williams outburst (HQ) close up video at US Open semi-finals." YouTube.com. YouTube, 13 Sept 2009. Web. 24 Nov. 2009.